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ICOP Industrial Database (New Benchmarks)

International Comparisons of Output and Productivity by Industry




All series derived from this database need to be referred to as:
"Groningen Growth and Development Centre, ICOP Database 1997 Benchmark, http://www.ggdc.net"



The ICOP Database consists of relative levels of productivity and unit labour cost for 20 manufacturing industries for 14 countries in the European Union and the United States. This will be extended in due time with Asian, Latin American and East European countries. The series are mostly based on 1997 benchmark comparisons. The current contents of this database are equal to the Manufacturing Productivity and Unit Labour Cost Database which is part of a joint study by GGDC and the National Institute of Economic and Social Research, titled EU Productivity and Competitiveness: An Industry Perspective. Can Europe Resume the Catching-up Process? (O'Mahony and van Ark, eds., 2003).

Downloadable file:


Manufacturing Productivity and Unit Labour Cost Database



List of publications and downloadable papers:

A number of papers is underlying the ICOP 1997 Benchmark Database:

Van Ark, Bart, Robert Inklaar and Marcel Timmer, The Canada-U.S. Manufacturing Productivity Gap Revisited: New ICOP Results (January 2002), GGDC Research Memorandum GD-51
van Dijk, Michiel, South African Manufacturing Performance in International Perspective, 1970-1999 (November 2002), GGDC Research Memorandum GD-58
Stuivenwold, Edwin and Marcel P. Timmer, Manufacturing Performance in Indonesia, South Korea and Taiwan before and after the Crisis. An International Perspective, 1980-2000 (July 2003), GGDC Research Memorandum GD-63
Inklaar, Robert, Harry Wu and Bart van Ark, "Losing Ground" Japanese Labour Productivity and Unit Labour Cost in Manufacturing in Comparison with the U.S. (July 2003), GGDC Research Memorandum GD-64

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Last changed on: 17 January 2006